Afarand Journals

Geographical Research

eISSN : 2538-4384
pISSN : 1019-7052
Persian
Language
Geographical Research is Published in Persian Fulltext.
Volume 31, Issue 4 (2017)                   GeoRes 2017, 31(4): 88-110 | Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Original Research |
Subject:

Print XML Persian Abstract PDF HTML

History

Received: 2016/11/9 | Accepted: 2016/12/17 | Published: 2017/03/17
How to cite this article
Sheikh Mohammady M, safaei A. A Game Theoretic Approach to Reordering and Optimal Governance of Urban Fringes (Insights for Farmland Change Conflict). GeoRes 2017; 31 (4) :88-110
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-28-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rights and permissions
A Game Theoretic Approach to Reordering and Optimal Governance of Urban Fringes (Insights for Farmland Change Conflict)
Authors Majid Sheikh Mohammady *1, Amir Safaei2
1- Department Industrial Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran , msheikhm@modares.ac.ir
2- Department Environment ,University of Tehran,Tehran,Iran
Abstract   (5907 Views)

Changing farmland into constructed areas at urban fringes can be counted as one of the most critical land use conflicts in Iran. Regarding impacts of such change whether from the point of urban sprawl or environmental preservation, it would be necessary to study and resolve these conflicts for reordering and optimal governance of urban fringes. This paper is seeking to investigate two questions: 1) could game theory be used as a suitable and flexible tool to resolving such conflicts? 2) Have these conflicts’ parties been motivated to take more non cooperative interactions which finally lead to farmland loss in urban fringes affected by the employed farmland preservation and urban growth management policies and mechanisms in Iran? To seek answers, a game theoretic conflict model was developed using the graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR), to analyze the conflict over farmland change in Qom metropolis, one of the controversial land-use conflicts in Iran. Results show that if current policies and mechanisms prevail, the most likely outcome of the conflict would be continual farmland loss. In this situation, municipal administrations would choose to take actions that will result in dispersed growth of farmland while developers and constructors prefer to change the land use and redevelop them so that the farmland owners prefer selling their lands over keeping their agricultural activities. Therefore, the results acknowledged the capability of game theory as a reliable method for resolving and preventing conflicts in land use change situations. Also strategic insights provided into the Qom land use change conflict underlined the necessity of revising current national policies and mechanisms of farmland preservation and urban growth management.

Keywords:
Urban fringes, Farmland, Land use, GMCR.
References
1. Abedini Darkoosh S. (2010), An introduction to urban economics, 3rd edition, Tehran. Academic publication center, (in Persian).
2. Amiri R, Ali Mohammadi A., Alavipanah S.K. (2007), The study of spatia-temporal variability of temperature in relation to land use/cover in the Tabriz urban area using land sat TM and ETM+ thermal and reflective data, Journal of Environmental Studies 33 (43), pp. 107-120, (in Persian).
3. Dehghan, M. (2006), Sustainable development through urban shades, 1st edition. Tehran, Pub. Mafakher, (in Persian).
4. ­ Fang L, Hipel, K., Kilgour, M. (1993), interactive decision making: the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution, New York, Wiley.
5. Griffiths M. (2010), Lamb Buddha's migrant workers, self-assertion on China's urban fringe, Journal of Current Chinese Affairs (China Aktuell), 39 (2), pp. 3–37.
6. Hashemi Parast, M. (2011), Game theory and its application, 1st edition, Tehran, K.N Toosi, pub. University of Technology, (in Persian).
7. ­ Hipel, K., Fang, L. (2005), Multiple participant decision making in societal and technological systems, In: Arai T, Yamamoto S, Makino K (Eds) Systems and human science-for safety, security, and dependability, selected papers of the 1st international symposium, SSR2003, Osaka, Japan, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Chapter 1, pp. 3–31.
8. Hipel, K., Walker, S. (2011), conflict analysis in environmental management, Environmetrics, 22, pp. 279–293.
9. Iran parliament (2006), Definitions and criteria of urban legal boundary and extent bill, visit online at: http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/97798.
10. Liu, Y., Li, X. (2013), game theory analysis on the generation process of transfer of rural construction land transfer, IERI Procedia 5, pp. 59-64.
11. Madani K., Hipel, K.W. (2011), Non-cooperative stability definitions for strategic analysis of generic water resources conflicts, Water Resource Manage 25, pp. 1949–1977.
12. Madani K., Lund, J. R. (2012), California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Conflict: from Cooperation to Chicken, ASCE Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 138 (2), pp.1-42.
13. Madani, K. (2010), Game theory and water resources, Journal of Hydrology 381: 225-238.
14. Madani, K., Lund, J. (2011), a Monte-Carlo game theoretic approach for multi-criteria decision making under uncertainty, Advances in Water Resources, 34(5), pp. 607–616.
15. Moameni A, Farajnia A, Taherzadeh M.H., Jamshidi M. (2007), Assessing geographical distribution and potentialities of agricultural lands, destructed by residential sprawl on the fringes of big cities of Iran. Geographical Research 23 (3), pp. 3-36, (in Persian).
16. Mohammadi, M, Qorbani, M, Khorasani, M. (2013), The anthropogenic driving forces affecting land use change in rural fringes (case study: Alkaleh and Cibon villages- Tonkabon county), Geography Quarterly 10(35), pp. 279-298, (in Persian).
17. Nelson, A. (1990), Economic critique of prime farmland preservation policies in the United States, Journal of Rural Studies 6, pp. 114-42, (in Persian).
18. Nelson, A. (1992), Preserving prime farmland in the face of urbanization: lessons from Oregon, Journal of the American Planning Association, 58(4), pp. 467-488, (in Persian).
19. Pour Mohammadi, M.R., Jamali, F, Asghari Zamani, A. (2008), Evaluation of spatial structure of Zanjan growth with emphasis on land use/cover changes, (1975-2005), Geographical Research Quarterly 40 (63), pp. 29-46, (in Persian).
20. Rahnamaei, M.T. (2009), The government and urbanization in Iran (general foundation and principles of urban development and urbanization in Iran), Geography and Regional Planning 1, pp. 143-165, (in Persian).
21. Rahnamaei, M.T., Kalantari M., Safari Louhehsara, P. (2010), Study of the government role in physical growth in Masal emphasizing the change land use of suburb agricultural land. Geography 8(26), pp. 7-31, (in Persian).
22. Rose, J. (1984), Farmland preservation policy and programs. Natural Resources Journal, 24(3), pp. 591 -640, (in Persian).
23. Rousta Z., Monavari S.M., Darvishi M., Falahati F., Morovati M. (2013), Evaluating trend of physical urban expansion of Shiraz city and physiographic conditions effect on land use changes, Geography and Environmental Planning, 24(1), pp. 183-200, (in Persian).
24. Safaee A, Faryadi S. (2016), An interpretation on the meaning of space and place and its related insights for environmental planning, Urban Development inquiries 45, pp. 198-219, (in Persian).
25. Safaee A, Malek Mohammadi B. (2014), Game theoretic insights for sustainable common poll water resources governance (Case study: Lake Urmia water conflict), Journal of Environmental Studies 40 (1), pp. 121-138, (in Persian).
26. Safaee A. (2012), Game theoretic analysis of the Urmia Lake conflict, thesis presented in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Planning Management and Education, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Iran, (in Persian).
27. Safaee A., Faryadi S, Sheikhmohammady M, Salehi I. (2016), A benchmarking of policy instruments and experiences for improving farmland preservation in urban fringes of Iran, Journal of Environmental Studies 42 (2), pp. 281-314.
28. Samsura, D., Van der Krabbena, E. Van Deemen, A. (2010), a game theory approach to the analysis of land and property development processes, Land Use Policy 27, pp. 564–578.
29. Statistical center of Iran (2011), annual national accounts (1991-2011), https://www.amar.org.ir/english/ Statistics -by-Topic/National-accounts, (in Persian).
30. Statistical center of Iran (2012), selected findings of the 2011, national population and housing Census (1990-2011): https://www.amar.org.ir/english/Census-2011, (in Persian).
31. ­ Von Neumann, J. Morgenstern, O. (1944), Theory of games and economic behavior, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
32. Zaheri, M. (2009), Analysing the role of spatial relations in the land use change: rural areas affected by the neighboring cities. Geographical Research 23(4), pp. 97-122.
33. Zoghi, M., Safaee, A., Malek Mohammadi, B. (2014), Insights on game theory in conflict analysis of land use change (case study: Tehran Dar Abad land area), Geography and Urban Planning Research 2(3), pp. 391-407.