Persian
Language
Geographical Research is Published in Persian Fulltext.
Volume 38, Issue 1 (2023)
GeoRes 2023, 38(1): 107-119 |
Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Subject:
History
Received: 2023/02/9 | Accepted: 2023/05/31 | Published: 2023/06/4
Received: 2023/02/9 | Accepted: 2023/05/31 | Published: 2023/06/4
How to cite this article
Darabi Shahmari S, Ahmadabadi A. Determining the Biogeomorphic Feedback Windows Located in the Riparian Area of the Taleqan River, Iran. GeoRes 2023; 38 (1) :107-119
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-1466-en.html
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-1466-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rights and permissions
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Authors
S. Darabi Shahmari *1, A. Ahmadabadi1
1- Department of Geographical Science, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract (1120 Views)
Aims: Riparian vegetation has a considerable effect on making the stable habitats and sustainability of the river planform. This study aimed to investigate the biogeomorphic feedback windows in Talegan river during 1991-2021.
Methodology: The satellite images and aerial photographs in 1991, 2001, 2006, and 2021 was used for digitizing the vegetation area. After the geometrical correction of the images, the sub-reaches of the river were determined based on the GUS method, and the relatively stable colonies were digitized in each of the sub-reaches. Then, the traits of the BFWs were determined by field studies, including ecological process (stem density and diameter, height of vegetation and floor herbaceous), morphometric (degradation level), and biogeomorphic traits (occurrence of biogeomorphic cumulative landforms). Data were analyzed using the conceptual model and Chi-square test through SPSS 23 software.
Findings: Eighty-two BFWs were identified in the riparian area. The biogeomorphic accumulated landforms were observed in 70.7% of the BFWs. The appropriate opportunities for development of vegetation patches were observed in the upstream of the river especially in sub reaches 1 and 3. There were a lower possibility for the vegetation patches development and the stability of the river's landform in sub reaches 4 and 5. The result of Chi-square test showed a direct relationship between the establishment of biogeomorphic accumulation landforms with stem diameter, height, and density of vegetation.
Conclusion: There is a need to attention to the restoration of riparian ecosystems by reducing the level of human interventions and creating a favorable environment for the development of biogeomorphic feedback windows in Taleqan river. The sustainable establishment of BFWs means the sustainable establishment of vegetation habitats containing engineering vegetation, which leads to the preservation and development of the habitat as well as the stability of the river landform.
Methodology: The satellite images and aerial photographs in 1991, 2001, 2006, and 2021 was used for digitizing the vegetation area. After the geometrical correction of the images, the sub-reaches of the river were determined based on the GUS method, and the relatively stable colonies were digitized in each of the sub-reaches. Then, the traits of the BFWs were determined by field studies, including ecological process (stem density and diameter, height of vegetation and floor herbaceous), morphometric (degradation level), and biogeomorphic traits (occurrence of biogeomorphic cumulative landforms). Data were analyzed using the conceptual model and Chi-square test through SPSS 23 software.
Findings: Eighty-two BFWs were identified in the riparian area. The biogeomorphic accumulated landforms were observed in 70.7% of the BFWs. The appropriate opportunities for development of vegetation patches were observed in the upstream of the river especially in sub reaches 1 and 3. There were a lower possibility for the vegetation patches development and the stability of the river's landform in sub reaches 4 and 5. The result of Chi-square test showed a direct relationship between the establishment of biogeomorphic accumulation landforms with stem diameter, height, and density of vegetation.
Conclusion: There is a need to attention to the restoration of riparian ecosystems by reducing the level of human interventions and creating a favorable environment for the development of biogeomorphic feedback windows in Taleqan river. The sustainable establishment of BFWs means the sustainable establishment of vegetation habitats containing engineering vegetation, which leads to the preservation and development of the habitat as well as the stability of the river landform.
References
1. Balke T, Herman PMJ, Bouma TJ (2014). Critical transitions in disturbance-driven ecosystems: identifying windows of opportunity for recovery. Journal of Ecology. 102:700-708. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/1365-2745.12241]
2. Bertoldi W, Gurnell AM, Drake NA (2011). The topographic signature of vegetation development along a braided river: results of a combined analysis of airborne LIDAR, color air photographs, and ground measurements. Water Resources Research. 47(6). [Link] [DOI:10.1029/2010WR010319]
3. Cahill JF, McNickle GG (2011). The behavioral ecology of nutrient foraging by plants. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 42(1):289-311. [Link] [DOI:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102710-145006]
4. Corenblit D, Tabacchi E, Steiger J, Gurnell AM (2007). Reciprocal interactions and adjustments between fluvial landforms and vegetation dynamics in river corridors: A review of complementary approaches. Earth Science Reviews. 84:56-86. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2007.05.004]
5. Corenblitt D, Baas A, Bornette G, Darrozes J, Delmotte S, Francis R, et al. (2011). Feedbacks between geomorphology and biota controlling Earth surface processes and landforms: A review of foundation concepts and current understandings. Earth-Science Reviews. 106:307-331. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.03.002]
6. Corenblitt D, Baas A, Balke T, Bouma T, Fromard F, Gomez V, et al. (2015). Engineer pioneer plants respond to and affect geomorphic constraints similarly along water-terrestrial interfaces world-wide. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 24(12):1363-1367. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/geb.12373]
7. Corenblit D, Steiger J, Charrier G, Darrozes J, Garófano-Gómez V, Garreau A, et al. (2016). Populus nigra L. establishment and fluvial landform construction: Biogeomorphic dynamics within a channelized river. Earth Surface Processes & Lanforms. 41(9):1276-1292. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/esp.3954]
8. Corenblit D, Garofano-Gomez V, Gonzalez E, Hortobagyi B, Julien F, Lambs L, et al. (2017). Niche construction within riparian corridors. Part II: The unexplored role of positive intraspecific interactions in salicaceae species. Geomorphology. 305:112-122. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.09.016]
9. Corenblit D, Garófano-Gómez V, González E, Hortobágyi B, Julien F, Lambs L, et al. (2018). Niche construction within riparian corridors. Part II: The unexplored role of positive intraspecific interactions in Salicaceae species. Geomorphology. 305:112-122. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.09.016]
10. Dang X (2022). Evolution of plant Niche construction traits in biogeomorphic landscapes. The American Naturalist. 199(6):758-775. [Link] [DOI:10.1086/719425]
11. Darabi Shahmari S, Ghanavati E, Martin T, Ahamadabadi A, Eftekhari M (2020). Riparian habitats analysis of Taleqan river based on Geomorphic Units Survey and classification system. Quantitative Geomorphological Research. 9(2):60-80. [Link]
12. Eichel J, Corenblit D, Dikau R (2015). Conditions for feedbacks between geomorphic and vegetation dynamics on lateral moraine slopes: A biogeomorphic feedback window. Earth Surface Process and Landform. 41:406-419. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/esp.3859]
13. Gurnell AM (2014). Plants as river system engineers. Earth Surface Processes & Landforms. 39(1):4-25. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/esp.3397]
14. Gurnell AM, Tockner K, Petts GE, Edwards PJ (2005). Effects of deposited wood on biocomplexity of river corridors. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 3(7):377-382. [Link] [DOI:10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0377:EODWOB]2.0.CO;2]
15. Krzeminska D, Kerkhof T, Skaalsven K, Stolte J (2019). Effect of riparian vegetation on stream bank stability in small agricultural catchments. CATENA. 172:87-96. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2018.08.014]
16. Lytle DA, Poff NL (2004). Adaptation to natural flow regimes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19(2):94-100. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2003.10.002]
17. Odling-Smee FJ, Laland KN, Feldman MW (2003). Niche construction: The neglected process in evolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [Link]
18. Picco L, Comiti F, Mao L, Tonon A, Lenzi MA (2017). Mediumand short termriparian vegetation, island and channel evolution in response to human pressure in a regulated gravel bed river (Piave River, Italy). CATENA. 149(3):760-769. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2016.04.005]
19. Pollen Bankhead N, Simon A (2010). Hydrologic and hydraulic effects of riparian root networks on streambank stability: Is mechanical root-reinforcement the whole story?. Geomorphology. 116:353-362. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.11.013]
20. Post DM, Palkovacs EP (2009). Eco‐evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology: Interactions between the ecological theater and the evolutionary play. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 364:1629-1640. [Link] [DOI:10.1098/rstb.2009.0012]
21. Richter BD, Richter HE (2000). Prescribing flood regimes to sustain riparian ecosystems along meandering rivers. Conservation Biology. 14:1467-1478. [Link] [DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98488.x]
22. Steiger J, Gurnell AM, Petts GE (2001). Sediment deposition along the channel margins of a reach of the middle River Severn, UK. Regulated Rivers: Research & Management. 17(4-5):443-460. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/rrr.644]
23. Wintenberger CL, Rodrigues S, Bréhéret JG, Villar M (2015). Fluvial islands: First stage of development from nonmigrating (forced) bars and woody-vegetation interactions. Geomorphology. 246:305-320. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.06.026]
24. Zhu L, Chen D, Hassan MA, Venditti JG (2022). The influence of riparian vegetation on the sinuosity and lateral stability of meandering channels. Geophysical Research Letters. 49(2):e2021GL096346. [Link] [DOI:10.1029/2021GL096346]