Bilingual
Volume 40, Issue 2 (2025)                   GeoRes 2025, 40(2): 103-113 | Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Original Research |
Subject:

Print XML Persian Abstract PDF HTML Full-Text (HTML)


History

How to cite this article
Mirsayedi Anbaran S, Hataminejad H, Pourahmad A. Urban Regeneration Process with a Compensatory Justice Approach in Shahid Bahonar Neighborhood, Mashhad. GeoRes 2025; 40 (2) :103-113
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-1704-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Rights and permissions
1- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
2- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
* Corresponding Author Address: Faculty of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Corner of Zarrin Alley, Enqelab Street, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1417853933 (hataminejad@ut.ac.ir)
Abstract   (440 Views)
Aims: This study aimed to explain a sustainable urban regeneration model with a focus on spatial justice evaluation in the informal settlements of Shahid Bahonar Neighborhood located in Mashhad City.
Methodology: This applied research was conducted in 2024-2025 in Shahid Bahonar neighborhood in Mashhad, and it was carried out in three main stages: Assessing the residents' conditions, analyzing spatial justice, and evaluating the regeneration process. Initially, data were collected through two questionnaires: One reflecting the satisfaction of 195 residents and another capturing the perspectives of 21 urban management experts. The first questionnaire included 17 questions on spatial justice from the residents' viewpoint, while the second contained 30 questions regarding compensatory justice and its influencing indicators. Data from this stage were analyzed using the one-sample t-test and the Shannon entropy weighting method. The design of the regeneration process was developed through in-depth interviews with 31 experts. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using open coding. From the extracted concepts, the stages of the urban regeneration process were developed.
Findings: There was a significant level of dissatisfaction across most indicators of urban compensatory justice. The highest levels of dissatisfaction were observed in governance and environmental areas, whereas some basic services, such as credit facilities and insurance coverage, were rated more positively. According to the prioritization results of spatial justice indicators, cultural-identity justice held the highest importance, while economic and structural indicators were considered less important. Based on spatial justice indicators and interview findings, the stages of the urban regeneration process in Shahid Bahonar neighborhood were summarized into seven main phases.
Conclusion: Residents of the Shahid Bahonar neighborhood are dissatisfied with the unequal distribution of services and urban participation, although there is relative satisfaction with security and the quality of public spaces. Three key indicators of cultural-identity justice, environmental justice, and fair governance are critical factors in achieving compensatory justice and urban regeneration.
 
Keywords:

References
1. Agyeman J, Bullard RD, Evans B (2002). Exploring the nexus: Bringing together sustainability, environmental justice and equity. Space and Polity. 6(1):77-90. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/13562570220137907]
2. Bomfim LC (2024). How social justice planning can address urban inequities through social housing: From theory to practice. U Porto Journal of Engineering. 10(3):85-100. [Link] [DOI:10.24840/2183-6493_0010-003_002681]
3. Dadashpoor H, Alizadeh B, Rostami F (2015). Determination of conceptual framework from spatial justice in urban planning with focus on the justice concept in Islamic school. NAQSHEJAHAN. 5(1):75-84. [Persian] [Link]
4. Dadashpour H (2017). Spatial justice in urban scale in Iran; Meta-study of selected articles' theoretical famework. Journal of Fine Arts. 21(3):67-80. [Persian] [Link]
5. Deas I (2013). Towards post-political consensus in urban policy? Localism and the emerging agenda for regeneration under the Cameron government. Planning Practice & Research. 28(1):65-82. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/02697459.2012.699228]
6. Degen MM, Rose G (2012). The sensory experiencing of urban design: The role of walking and perceptual memory. Urban Studies. 49(15):3271-3287. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/0042098012440463]
7. Dovey K (2010). Becoming places: Urbanism/architecture/identity/power. London: Routledge. [Link] [DOI:10.4324/9780203875001]
8. Farhadikhah H, Hataminejad H, Shahi A, Zafari M (2018). Spatial analysis of urban poverty in neighborhood levels (case study: Mashhad city). Urban Economics. 2(2):17-36. [Persian] [Link]
9. Frug GE (2001). City making: Building communities without building walls. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. [Link] [DOI:10.1515/9781400823345]
10. Ghasemi M, Javan J (2015). Analysis of the causes of the formation of reverse migration to rural areas case study: Binalood county. Arid Regions Geographic Studies. 5(16):15-37. [Persian] [Link]
11. Harvey D (1997). Justice, nature and the geography of difference. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. [Link]
12. Harvey D (2009). Social Justice and the City. Georgia: University of Georgia Press. [Link] [DOI:10.1353/book13205]
13. Harvey D (2010). The enigma of capital and the crises of capitalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Link]
14. Healey P (2006). Collaborative planning: Shaping places in fragmented societies. London: Palgrave Macmillan. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/978-1-137-08600-6]
15. Holifield R (2001). Defining environmental justice and environmental racism. Urban Geography. 22(1):78-90. [Link] [DOI:10.2747/0272-3638.22.1.78]
16. Hosseini A, Mirehei M, Nazari BB, Hosseini M (2020). Analysis of spatial disparities in regional development in Iran (case studies: Cities of the north coastal regions). Geographical Engineering of Territory. 3(6):79-92. [Persian] [Link]
17. Iran Statistical Center (2021). Statistical yearbook. Tehran: Iran Statistical Center. [Persian] [Link]
18. Iran Statistcal Center (2024). Statistical yearbook of Mashhad City. Tehran: Iran Statistical Center. [Persian] [Link]
19. Izadfar E, Sasanpour F, Tolaei S, SoleimaniM (2021). Identifying the key factors in the future of sustainable urban regeneration: A case study of the inefficient urban tissues of District 14 in the city of Isfahan. Journal of Geographical Research on Desert Areas. 8(2):187-216. [Persian] [Link]
20. Kazemizad S, Hadiani Z, Mousavi M (2014). Analysis of creation causes on informal settlements with using path analysis model, case study: Shadgholi-Khan Town of Qom City. Geographical Research. 29(3):73-88. [Persian] [Link]
21. Kirchner M, Spittler N, Bock-Schappelwein J, Kletzan-Slamanig D, Sommer M, Pfaffenbichler P, et al (2025). Integrating stakeholder knowledge to design fair and acceptable climate mitigation and compensation measures in the buildings and mobility sectors in Austria. Geneva: Zenodo. [Link]
22. Lees L, Slater T, Wyly E (2008). Gentrification. London: Routledge. [Link]
23. Liu J, Dietz T, Carpenter SR, Alberti M, Folke C, Moran E, et al (2007). Complexity of coupled human and natural systems. Science. 317(5844):1513-1516. [Link] [DOI:10.1126/science.1144004]
24. Maleki S, Azadbakht M (2018). An analysis of social justice in the spatial structure of urban areas (case study: Areas of Ilam City). Ilam Culture. 19(58, 59):7-35. [Persian] [Link]
25. Marcuse P (2009). From critical urban theory to the right to the city. City. 13(2-3):185-197. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/13604810902982177]
26. Momeni M, Beik Mohammadi H, Mahdizadeh Z (2011). Analysis of the disigns of reconstruction and renovation of deteriorated textures (case study Isfahan Jooybare neighborhood). Urban Regional Studies and Research. 2(7):31-52. [Persian] [Link]
27. Moroni S (2020). The just city. Three background issues: Institutional justice and spatial justice, social justice and distributive justice, concept of justice and conceptions of justice. Planning Theory. 19(3):251-267. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/1473095219877670]
28. Patel S, d'Cruz C, Burra S (2002). Beyond evictions in a global city: People-managed resettlement in Mumbai. Environment and Urbanization. 14(1):159-172. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/095624780201400113]
29. Pourahmad A, Habibi K, Keshavarz M (2011). New approaches of the process of conceptualizations of the regeneration of the urban distressed area. Journal of Studies on Iranian Islamic City. 1(1):73-99. [Persian] [Link]
30. Rahnama MR, Shokoohi M, Lotfollahi S (2019). Analysis the scenarios of regeneration in Abkouh castle of Mashhad. Research and Urban Planning. 10(38):63-76. [Persian] [Link]
31. Rawls J (1971). A theory of justice: Original edition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. [Link] [DOI:10.4159/9780674042605]
32. Rezaei B, Pakdel Fard MR, Sattari Sarbanqoli H, Akbari Namdar S (2021). Satisfaction analysis of Mehr housing residents based on physical-social dimension in Sahand New City, case study: Aftab complex. Journal of the Iranian Geographical Association. 19(69):53-69. [Persian] [Link]
33. Roberts P, Sykes H (2008). Urban regeneration: A handbook. London: SAGE Publications. [Link] [DOI:10.4135/9781446219980]
34. Sen A (2000). Development as freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Link]
35. Shali M, Tavakolinia J (2015). Feasibility of city development strategy in enabling and regularizing the informal settlements, Tabriz metropolis, district 1. Journal of Applied Researches in Geographical Sciences. 15(36):117-138. [Persian] [Link]
36. Swyngedouw E (2005). Governance innovation and the citizen: The Janus face of governance-beyond-the-state. Urban Studies. 42(11):1991-2006. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/00420980500279869]
37. Taleshi M (2019). The policy of centralization and instability of the settlement system around the Tehran metropolis. Spatial Economics and Rural Development. 8(2):133-156. [Persian] [Link]
38. Tonkiss F (2014). Cities by design: The social life of urban form. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. [Link]
39. Turok I, McGranahan G (2019). Urbanisation and economic growth: The arguments and evidence for Africa and Asia. Urbanisation. 4(2):109-125. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/2455747119890450]
40. Uitermark J, Hochstenbach C, Groot J (2024). Neoliberalization and urban redevelopment: The impact of public policy on multiple dimensions of spatial inequality. Urban Geography. 45(4):541-564. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/02723638.2023.2203583]
41. Un-Habitat (2020). World cities report 2020: The value of sustainable urbanization. Nairobi: The United Nations Human Settlements Programme. [Link]
42. Van Gent WP, Musterd S, Ostendorf W (2009). Disentangling neighbourhood problems: Area-based interventions in Western European cities. Urban Research & Practice. 2(1):53-67. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/17535060902727066]
43. Yaghfoori H, Ghasemi S, Ghasemi N (2017). Study of spatial justice in the distribution of services, with an emphasis on urban management (case study: The neighborhoods of nineteen district of Tehran). Geographical Research. 2(3):114-128. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.29252/geores.32.3.114]
44. Yang S, Zhan Q, Zhang K, Paryzat H (2024). Urban texture identification and characteristic analysis based on percolation theory-A case study of the second ring road area in Wuhan City. Land. 13(5):717. [Link] [DOI:10.3390/land13050717]
45. Zebardast E, Azizi MM, Ahmadi B (2020). Explaining the factors affecting tenure security in spontaneous settlements; Case study: Tehran metropolitan area. Journal of Fine Arts. 25(3):8-18. [Persian] [Link]