2024-03-29T18:06:32+03:30 http://georesearch.ir/browse.php?mag_id=2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 hafezn_m@modares.ac.ir 2016 12 01 9 15 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-37-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Tehran Reorganizing Seyyed Yahya Safavi Mohammad Hossein Papoli Yazdi Papolimh@gmail.com Tehran is not the most problematic city in the world, but it has some problems. The problems of Tehran are to the extent which some experts discuss about replacing a capital; however this is not practically possible. Therefore Tehran must be reorganized. Tehran reorganization has a direct relationship with the whole country reorganization (Spatial Planning of the country). Tehran needs a national consideration to make such reorganization. The national and international tasks and mission of Tehran should be defined. Political, economic, administrative, infrastructural, social and cultural reformations are the necessities of Tehran reorganization.Tehran has got many problems and different issues regarding population (immigration), lack of water resources and being located on many several faults.The current paper refuses the replacement of capital and discusses the issue of reorganization. Thus the main challenges are identified and related solutions are also provided. Tehran Reorganization of Capital Spatial Planning. 2016 12 01 16 31 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-38-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Analysis of Problems Arising from Interference of Tehran City and Neighboring Cities Administrative and Political Areas Zahra Ahmadi Pour ahmadyz@modares.ac.ir Ghasem Karami The political geography of cities, as spatial phenomena, is shaped with respect to different factors like: commercial centers, wealthy countryside, poor neighborhoods, ghettos and slums. Despite having common problems and interests, are separate from each other. Because each of these areas has its own history of competition based on financial differences and differences in power and influence. Therefore political management of cities in order to create balance between central parts and the countryside, official and unofficial economy and privileged and deprived areas is faced with various challenges.Tehran city, which has been chosen as capital in different periods, has tried to use this political role to expand its legal and operational jurisdiction area. This has led to many problems for Tehran province political management due to interference with the political management model of Tehran City.The method of this research is Descriptive/Analytical and it seeks to define and elaborate the problems that have risen from interference of different management structures. It has also tried to point out the problems that were caused by mismanagement of Tehran and the peripheral areas.The results show that Tehran has created a lot of problems by expanding its jurisdiction and authority to the surrounding areas regardless of official political divisions. Political Organization of Space Political Space Management Tehran Core Periphery. 2016 12 01 32 42 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-39-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 The Effect of Specialization on Local Government Functions Ebrahim Roumina e.roumina@modares.ac.ir The function and the authority of a local government is in the area that is directly related to the people of that particular area. Since decision making about the citizens requires specialization, local decision makers should have certain qualifications and expertise in order to be be effective. Otherwise they will be dysfunctional and the area under their jurisdiction will face serious problems.The results of this study show that lack of specialization among city council members will negatively affect the council’s function. This study has analyzed the relationship between specialization and the effectiveness of city council members in the past four terms, since it was first established. This is a descriptive and analytical study. It’s descriptive because it examines specialization between the city council members and it’s analytical because it has analyzed the information based on findings of library and field research. The method for data collection is field research and library research City Council Tehran Specialization Local Government . 2016 12 01 43 55 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-40-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Evaluation of Effects of Centralization and Immigration In Increasing Ecological Footprint of Tehran Javad Etaat detaat@yahoo.com Ali Akbar Dabiri With the formation of centralized system in the country and focus on the cultural and economic capital in Tehran on one hand, and poor investment and utilization of the potentials of the rest of the country on the other hand, Tehran and the surrounding areas have become the main focus of population and immigration. The focus of demographic, economic, educational and other factors in Tehran has created many problems. One of the most important of which, is increasing pressure on the environment. In the meantime, obviously Tehran has to import massive resources from other regions and export massive amounts of pollution and waste, due to ecological limitations for survival.Therefore, this model of unsustainable development is rapidly extending to the surrounding areas as well.This research has been done by analytic/descriptive method and the used data was collected from valid documents and reports. The main question of the research is: What environmental and security consequences will be followed by centralization and immigration In Tehran Urban region?Attained results from this research show that this increased pressure will be accompanied by unsustainability and environmental disasters and if not addressed, it will result in formation of social, political and security crises.Therefore, it is essential to invest on the potentials and capacities of the rest of the country to balance population density Unsustainable Development Ecological Footprint Tehran Metropolis Immigration centralization. 2016 12 01 56 66 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-41-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Relearning from the Pre-planned Capital, Chandigar, for the future of Tehran Mohamad Reza Pour Jafar pourja_m@modares.ac.ir Ali Pour Jafar Urban planning for Tehran is being done while a massive source of information, based on past ideas and experiments is available to us. Most of this information have been examined and tested through the course of history. But we have not been taking them into consideration. We have failed to learn from the long and turbulent history of urban planning and trial and error in this context. By looking at the history of some other cities as examples, we can achieve useful insights.When India and Pakistan were separated in 1947, and India lost Lahore city, the Indian government decided to build a new city as the capital of the state of Punjab. The plan for this city was first developed by the American architect Albert Mayer, and then by his assistant Matthew Nowicki. When Nowicki died, Mayer gave up the project. So P,L Werma was ordered to find a replacement by the prime minister Nehru. Werma chose the famous architect, Corbusier. Since Corbusier was one of the pioneers of modern architecture, this city could be considered the embodiment of modernist and rationalist thought in India.In this paper, we will review the history of urban planning and design. Then, the history of development of Chandigarh will be discussed.In conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of this project, and how we can learn from them to improve urban planning for Tehran, will be analyzed. Rationalist thought Relearning Urban Planning Chandigarh Tehran. 2016 12 01 67 79 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-42-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Stabilizing Urban Slopes, A Step On Increasing Safety and Improving Aesthetic Sense of Citizens (Case: Tehran City) Siavosh Shayan Shayan@modares.ac.ir Hedieh Dehestani Many of cities settled on hill slopes are faced with the danger of mass movements based on the lithology, slope angel, percolation and precipitation characteristics. Identification and recognition of the risk of landslides, falls and creeping potential, and their trajectories on urban slopes is one of the major steps for stabilizing these kinds of slopes.After identification of such slopes, recognition of trends and prediction of their future movements is an essential goal. Slope settled cities which are faced to these dangers, used many ways for stabilizing them. The stabilizing methods are expensive but we can reduce our expenses by using geomorphic methods and improving their safety, aesthetic senses in citizens who live around and close to these slopes.We can do these methods in such a way that slopes show a beautiful landscape and are in harmony with nature. Stabilizing slopes makes a sense of safety in in citizens. Urban mangers and planners will improve sustainable urban development by such methods.In this research we used experimental reduction that is used in geomorphology and after reviewing related literature and briefing methodology of stabilizing urban slopes, we considered salinized slopes in Tehran, especially slopes that are prone to mass movements. And then we have considered all methods that could be used for stabilizing them.After land investigations we considered all the methods that were used by Tehran Municipality to organize and categorize these slopes, and compared them to methods that are used in similar cities all over the world.Finally we have found suitable and unsuitable methods and suggested many ways that can be used in Tehran to improve safety and aesthetic senses. Applied Geomorphology Urban Geomorphology Mass Movements Urban Aesthetics Citizens Safety. 2016 12 01 80 92 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-43-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Tehran in Space of Management Political of Analysis land Domain Safar Ghaedrahmati safarrahmati@modares.ac.ir Sirus Ahmadi nuhadany The peripheral area of Tehran is approximately 5918 square kilometers and equivalent to 10 times the current area of Tehran. The problems of this area if disregarded, will in the near future spread to Tehran. It must be considered that these areas are not separated from Tehran.So with the population growth of the neighboring cities and that of Tehran itself, and the physical growth of cities and expansion of communications, the current area of Tehran will soon undergo significant changes. This is an applied research because its results can be used for municipality of Tehran metropolis. Data collection method is through documents and analysis of political management and urban governance of Tehran. Indicators (population, political, political management and urban governance) are the main indicators for which data will be collected for this study. This paper reviews, identifies and classifies Tehran area’s problems and how these problems will be added to the other problems of Tehran. The results show that the problem has been entangled in mismanagement of the decision makers. Unregulated Construction and uncontrolled physical growth gives us an overall idea about the inefficiency of Tehran’s urban management.With regard to the recently passed documents about Tehran’s peripheral areas, the longer these problems are disregarded the bigger the future consequences would be Political Management of Space Urban Peripheral Areas Peripheral Areas of Tehran. 2016 12 01 93 102 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-44-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Analysis of Passive Defense Considerations in Urban Infrastructure With an Emphasis on Water Infrastructure Fatemeh Bakhshi Shadmehri Seyyed Hadi Zarghani h-zarghani@um.ac.ir Omid Ali Kharzmi These days, cities are the most important places for human life, hence we have faced the concentration of population, capital, and infrastructure in cities. This concentration not only has a lot of economic, social, political and environmental ramifications, but also has made cities into strategic military and terrorist attack targets. Past experiences and the present experience of wars in countries like Iraq, Kosovo and Yemen, shows that urban centers and the critical infrastructure of the cities, such as water, electricity and energy infrastructure are the main and primary targets in case of an invasion.Passive defense is a series of principles and precautions relating to defense and security which can assure stability and survival of a system. Accordingly, this paper deploys an analytical method to review the vulnerability level of various parts of water infrastructure in case of a potential military or terrorist attack. The results of the study show that, despite the vital role of water in human life in the cities,  different aspects of water infrastructure, including transport, storage, refining, administration and distribution are very vulnerable in case of a potential military or terrorist attack. Especially considering the fact that the protection and security of this infrastructure are very weak.Undoubtedly considering defense and security precautions in location, design, construction and management of these centers is a very important factor in minimizing the risks of a potential military or terrorist attack Critical Infrastructure Security Passive Defense Urban Water Facilities 2016 12 01 103 117 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-45-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Spatial Modeling to Predict the Traffic Flow in Organizing Transportation in Tehran Seyyed Ali Alavi A.alavi@modares.ac.ir The uncontrolled urban development affected by population growth, migration, unplanned construction and unstoppable spread of urban spatial structure, has caused a lot of changes.The problems caused by transportation system and urban traffic are among the biggest problems for urban managers and citizens. The system itself is not the issue. The problem arises when the negative consequences are followed by dissatisfaction of citizens and environmental problems. Urban planners need new geographical information to develop plans for creating favorable environment for the residents, but collection of this information is difficult, time consuming, expensive, and often incomplete.However, the approach of this research is to define a spatial model and whether it can predict the traffic flow in urban transportation or not.So this research has been done in order to suggest models of transportation space and predict traffic flow for district 6 of Tehran, using integrated remote sensing techniques and geographical information system (GIS_RS) for spatial analysis.The results of the study have shown that among effective variables (C3) variable which refers to the population of the region, with 14.23 percent coefficient, business utility with -11.9 percent and total employees of the region with -3.10 percent have been important factors in shaping the traffic flow. Also the variable referring to business units (C11) with -0.8930 percent has been the least significant.Therefore the results of this study could help organizing urban traffic if they are accompanied by careful planning and decision making. Spatial modeling Urban Transportation Traffic Flow Prediction Tehran. 2016 12 01 118 129 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-46-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Economic Challenges of Delay in Construction Projects and Its Solutions The Case of Construction Projects in Tehran’s Road Sector Mohamad Ali Feizpour feizpour@yazd.ac.ir Mina Mehdizadeh Shahi Hanieh Poushdouz Hosein Komasi Fatemeh Dehghani Samira Zeidizadeh This study aims to consider economic challenges in construction projects in road sector from the perspective of clients and contractors. Then, the main focus is on two highway projects in Tehran. Whereas, the main problem in implementation of these projects is delay in land acquisition. The results show which management factors are the most important in delay of the projects’ development. The other goal which is considered in this study is finding out whether or not clients’ and contractors’ viewpoints are close to each other. To achieve this goal, spearman coefficient is used to assess how much clients and contractors agree with each other in case of delay in construction projects.Also, we have utilized Relative Important Index (RII) to rank delay factors and economic challenges. Finally, the results show that in viewpoint of clients and contractors, decreasing value of land acquisition in construction projects, is the most important economic challenge.Therefore, agreements between clients and contractors is relatively strong. On the other hand, in customers’ point of view, lack of effective communication between them and clients is the main factor which causes delay in construction projects. Consequently, for policy makers, it is necessary to concentrate on possible economic challenges before implementation of the projects by an efficient management team to achieve desired results, and to reduce and resolve delay factors. Economic Challenges Relative Important Index (RII) Spearman Coefficient Urban Projects Tehran Municipality. 2016 12 01 130 143 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-47-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 Spatial Organization of Urban Districts based on REDCAP Algorithm (Case Study: Regionalization of Tehran Metropolis) Ali Mohammad Pour Alireza Rahmati rahmaty_a685@ut.ac.ir Hossein Teimouri Increasing urban population and organizations have introduced many problems in urban life. In a city there are a lot of organizations like municipalities, Roads and Urban Development organizations, etc. Which have made their own segmentations for servicing their customers. All of these configurations have been made for responding to specific requirements and reaching specific goals. But Most of the time these segmentations have functional overlap and in many cases are in conflict with each other.This has caused inefficiency, and dissatisfaction of people, because they have to go to lots of organizations to get their work done. Therefore all the organizations in a city must clearly specify their responsibilities and territories.To do this, we aim to suggest a new system of regionalization using REDCAP algorithms in Tehran City. Research type is descriptive/analytical and the data has been collected from different organization. We designed 22 indexes to reshape new regions. These indices have been generated by aggregating raw data in primary spatial units. Primary spatial units have been designed by converting road network of Tehran city to polygons.After that we applied REDCAP algorithm by defining three parameters (number of regions, minimum population and REDCAP algorithms) to generate new regions. Then to prove our new regions are superior to formal regions of Tehran municipality we utilized Moran’s I index by measuring homogeneity of new regions in comparison with formal regions. Results showed us that new regions best fit our aims and are more homogenous than formal regions. Urban Regionalization Spatial Clustering Algorithms Organization of Urban Spatial Divisions. 2016 12 01 144 156 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-48-en.pdf
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Geographical Researches GeoRes 1019-7052 2538-4384 10.58209/geores 2016 31 3 The Evaluation of Urban Green Space to Locate Neighborhood Parks Gholam Hassan Jafari Leila vosoughi Rad Heydar salehi salehimishani@yahoo.com The growth of cities, increasing urban population and its consequences on one hand and the shortage of land for settlement have resulted in reluctance of municipalities in meeting practical standards of urban green space. Green spaces act as the respiratory system of cities and the lack of them will result in pollution and respiratory problems for the citizens.This study is done to assess the location of urban green spaces to locate a neighborhood park by use of remote sensing systems.To measure per capita green space in the area a normalized differential index was used. The per capita green space in the area was 3/55 square meters, which is significantly low based on standards. From the total 1536 hectares of land in the area, 1190 hectares (77/4%) were perfectly suitable for green spaces.Therefore the results of this study can help local decision makers to prioritize green spaces to solve the problems caused by lack of it. Locating Neighborhood Parks District 7 of Tehran AHP NDVI . 2016 12 01 157 197 http://georesearch.ir/article-1-49-en.pdf