1 1019-7052 Afarand Scholarly Publishing Institute 592 Climatology Relationship of Drought and Teleconnection Patterns; Case Study of Qara-Qom Basin fallahzadeh mona b Rezaei Parviz c Eslamiyan saeid d Abbasi Alireza e b Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran c Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran d Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran e Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 153 164 20 08 2018 25 02 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: Drought is a natural feature of an area and in every region that occurs, it leads to economic, social and environmental losses. In this research, the Teleconnection patterns in drought occurrence in Qara-Qom basin has been investigated. Methodology: In this regard, precipitation data of 30 rain gauge and synoptic stations as well as data on 32 numerical indexes of teleconnection from NOAA site during the 1987-2013 period were obtained. Initially, the standardized precipitation index data in the 9 to 48-month scale were classified by Factor Analysis and stations with similar behavior were identified in the study area. Then, the relationship between the average drought index of each area with each of the Teleconnection patterns was evaluated simultaneously and with a delay of 6 and 9 months through the correlation statistical method. Findings: The effects of Teleconnection patterns on drought vary in different zones. The Multivariate ENSO Index, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Southern Oscillation Index, Nino 3/4, 3 has the most significant correlation with the standardized precipitation index scales. Also, the correlation with 6-month delayed drought index indicated that four factors (total basin), drought index with nino 4 indexes, 3/4 and 3, multivariate ENSO, Madden Julian oscillation in regions 20, 70, 80, 100 degrees East direct relationship, and With East Pacific- North Pacific index, the southern oscillation and Madden Julian in the regions of 160 ° East, 120 ° and 40 ° West has a significant negative relationship. Four factors (total basin stations): The 9-month delayed drought index showed a significant negative correlation with the East Pacific- North Pacific index, southern oscillation and Mandden Julian fluctuations in the regions 120 and 40 degrees west, and with the Nino 3 indicator, the multivariate ENSO And the fluctuations of Madden Julian in the regions of 70, 80 and 100 degrees east has a significant direct relationship. Conclusion: The results of correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between Teleconnection patterns and droughts in Qara-Qom basin.
545 Special Identifying the Needs of Youth in Establishing Social Interactions in the Context of Temporary Landscape of Mashhad City, Iran, Based on the Grounded Theory khorshidian elnaz f mohammadnia gharaee fatemeh g ostadi maryam h f Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran g Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran h Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 165 174 07 07 2018 16 02 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: With the development of technology, time has become more limited to the presence in urban spaces and the experience of spaces and visual relations. In this regard, in the process of fitting the urban environment, it is necessary to create spaces not only in accordance with the needs of today, but also the qualities beyond the obvious qualities of space. In these spaces, we must try to create close communication and encouraging people to more presence in communal spaces. The aim of this research was to identify the needs of youth in establishing social interactions in the context of temporary landscape of Mashhad city, Iran, based on the grounded theory. Methodology: This qualitative research was carried out on the youth community of Mashhad city in the age range of 20-30 in 2017. The interviews were conducted on the Janbaz, Sajjad, Koohsangi, and Ahmad-Abad streets of Mashhad city. The views of the interviewees followed theoretical saturation from the 44th interview. Findings: After the initial stages, coding of sentences and clauses was performed and they categorized in 3 levels of casual, basic, and intermediate conditions. Conclusion: The Willingness to participate, right to choose, freedom of action, presence in the happy urban spaces, feeling of belonging and attachment, preservation of indigenous traditions are identified as the needs of youth in establishing social interactions.   660 Geomorphology Relationship between Groundwater Resources and Quaternary Faults of Sirjan Plain Using Weight of Evidence Method mehrabi ali i pourkhosravani mohsen j i Department of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran j Department of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 175 182 18 11 2018 30 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: The faults and tectonic structures have a major effect on groundwater resources. They create aquifers and control their path. Determination of the relationship between faults and groundwater resources can help to identify the new water resources. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between faults and groundwater resources of Sirjan plain, numerically. Methodology: The 1 km buffers around the faults were extracted using the weight of evidence method through providing the quaternary fault layer and the position of Qanats and wells of the Sirjan plain by GIS 8.0 software. In the next step, by performing the operation of overlaying of the Qanats and wells with the faults layer, the coefficients of weights of evidence method were calculated. Findings: The most correlation between the wells and faults was in the 1 km distance from the strike fault and the major correlation between the Qanats and faults was within 2 km distance from the strike fault. 65% of deep and semi-deep drilled wells in the Sirjan plain were affected by faults, while only 24% of the Qanats in this region were related to the faults. Conclusion: The quaternary faults have the nutrition potential of groundwater aquifers of Sirjan plain considering the arid and semi-arid climatic and geographic conditions of Sirjan plain, and increasing needs for water resources. 612 Climatology Zoning of Iranian Heavy Precipitation Regime Mohamadyariyan Mohtaram k Tavousi Taghi l khosravi Mahmood m Hamidiyanpour Mohsen n k Department of Geography and Environmental Planning University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran l Department of Geography and Environmental Planning University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran m Department of Geography and Environmental Planning University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran n Department of Geography and Environmental Planning University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 183 192 18 09 2018 27 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: One of the most important incidents of heavy precipitation is the heavy loses. Heavy Precipitation regimes can help to identify the climate of each region. Many economic activities (especially agriculture) are adjusted based on the precipitation regime. Change of precipitation regime, in addition to significant environmental impacts, can affect the habits and economic activities and their incomes. Identification of homogeneous precipitation regions is one of the most important prerequisites for environmental planning, especially resource management and spatial planning programs. This research aimed to zoning the Iranian Heavy precipitation regime over 20 years (1996-2016). Methodology: The daily precipitation data of 153 synoptic station were used to zoning the heavy precipitation regime. For implementation of the PCA model, a matrix with the dimensions of 153×12 was created. By analyzing the main components on the matrix, the first six components were selected. The stations were grouped in the six areas of homogeneous heavy precipitation by k-mean clustering of Standard score matrix of selective components. Findings: The regime of autumn heavy precipitation had the most factor score among the 6 regimes. The maximum heavy precipitation of spring-summer pattern (second pattern) was in April to July. The third pattern (absolute spring regime) had the highest heavy precipitation in April and May. The fourth pattern of early winter had the highest heavy precipitation in October, November, December, and January. In the fifth pattern, a large part of the heavy precipitation was in the summer. The heavy precipitation maximum of the sixth pattern was in the summer. Conclusion: There are 8 regimes of heavy precipitation in Iran which the maximum of heavy precipitation is in the Azerbaijani and north Azerbaijan regimes at the first half of the year and in the other regimes at the second half of the year. 687 Urban Planning Determining the Place Dignity Model and Studying Its Various Dimensions Mohamadnia Mahla o Daneshpour Seyed Abdolhadi p Seyedalhosseini Seyed Moslem o Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran p Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 193 201 23 01 2019 24 02 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: People interact with different places of a city as an environment that responds to their needs and activities, and at a higher level, people define a part of their dignity in relation to these places and place attachment occurs. The phrase "place dignity" is considered as one of the dimensions of people and place relationship which is less considered by architects, designers and planners. In this regard, explaining the concept of place dignity and the process of forming the people-place interaction and the effective factors for creating, strengthening and valuing these links, is a basic step in achieving the main objective of explaining the place dignity criteria. The aim of the research was to explain the place dignity model and studying its various dimensions. Methodology: In this qualitative study the related Persian and English articles were investigated using fundamental conceptualization theory through inductive method and the concepts were determined using three types of open, axial, and selective coding. Findings: 428 codes were identified as the indicators of dignity creating which include of 150 concepts and 14 category (comfort/well-being and security/ relaxation; favorable landscape; social interactions; regularity; vitality; identity and originality; readability; memorability; sense of belonging; access; meaning and content; citizen activity and management; diversity; place dignity and personality). Conclusion: The strategies for promoting the place dignity are the factors of strengthening the institutional form of place, development of  the explained perspectives for the future of the place, commitment to preserving the values of the environment and artificial elements, establishing the spatial position of the place in the system of meta place, comprehensive readiness, values and characteristics of the demands of residents and people outside the place, preserving the valuable elements, upgrading place role in meta place area, deploying infrastructure in place, historical evolution, growth and future of the place, recognition of elements of the place perceptual index, correction of behavioral platform, preparing the backgrounds for establishment of social behavior and communication between individuals, strengthening the spatial-physical structure of the place. 587 Rural Planning The Role of Site Detection on the Land Utilization Type in Planning and Management in Arid Areas Geographic Moravej Kamran Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 203 212 14 08 2018 20 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: One of the most important parts of the planning and management of arid areas is the determination of compatibility of the target area for proper land use. The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance and role of Classification of land suitability evaluation as one of the main parts of the management in arid areas. Methodology: This study was carried out in the Rigan county located at130 km from the southeast part of Bam city and in the border of Kerman and Sistan-Baluchestan provinces. Field studies, site selection, drilling of 130 soil profiles and soil sampling from 130 points, were conducted in the area.  The Thematic maps were prepared through the satellite images, geological and elevation maps, meteorological information and the results of laboratory analysis. The productivity of sorghum bicolor and maize were selected considering the importance of these products in providing livelihoods and income for the residents of the area. Findings: The area was very arid and the two curves of temperature and precipitation changes did not match in any months of the year. The water quality of the investigated wells was based on the Wilcox diagram in two classes of C4S3 and C4S2. The degree of lands suitability of the area for a variety of selected productivity was 3 and it was in the state of temporarily inappropriate and permanent inappropriate. Conclusion: Future suitability of the lands especially after civil operation as well as adaptation of environmental conditions (soil and soil) to the needs of plants in some areas are improved and the severity of the restrictions is reduced and the degree of land suitability is 2 and 3. We can help to the development of arid areas and prevents the disturbances of the balance in the environment and its damages by conducting the studies of site detection, observing the management principles of arid areas and applying knowledge of the day in addition to the local experience. 391 Rural Planning Conceptualization of the Dimensions of Environmental Quality in Rural Planning by Participation of Local People and Experts; a Case Study of Shahriar Village, Lordegan County, Iran rostami kazem Pourtaheri Mehdi Eftekhari Abdolreza Roknaldin Department of Geography & Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Department of Geography & Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Department of Geography & Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 213 221 08 04 2018 20 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: with the start of planning in the new form in rural areas, a conflict was created between the demands of villagers from below with the view of planners from the above.  The lack of normative view and pay a little attention to the environmental quality of development have an important role in the expansion of the conflict. The aim of the study was to the conceptualization of environmental quality dimensions in rural planning by the participation of local people and experts. Methodology: In this qualitative study, Sharyar village was selected from the Lordegan county to attract the participation of people in the process of conceptualizing the environmental quality dimensions and optimal planning. The main reason for selecting the Shahryar village as a case study in this research was executing various plans or implementation of many projects in the form of rural planning. 36 aware people, local managers and experts of the shahryar village were organized in the 6 workshops and expectations of the subjects from the concepts of environmental quality in rural planning were determined in the various items. Findings: 202 of the items of environmental quality concepts were collected and the items were ranked by the workgroups in the framework of 5 dimensions, 1 domain, and 44 indexes. 48 items in the form of 9 indicators in physical dimension, 46 items in the form of 10 indicators in social-cultural dimension, 42 items in the form of 8 indicators in economical dimension, 35 items in the form of 8 indicators in the environmental dimension, and 10 items in the form of 3 indicators in the political-administrative dimension were arranged. Conclusion: The five dimensions in the strategic territory template with 21 items and 6 indexes including the capacity, perceived justice, considering the planning, tourist attraction, and dynamism and prioritizing the country's planning system are proposed for evaluating the quality of the rural environment. 351 Political geography A Strategic Plan for the Political Management of the Geographical Space of Islamshahr Township, Iran Ebrahim Romina Sarbaz Navid Department of Political Geography, Faculty of Humanity, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Political Geography, Faculty of Humanity, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2019 34 2 223 231 25 02 2018 02 07 2018 Aims & Backgrounds: Political managers of geographical space at the township level are bound to formulate strategic plans in order to carry out their duties. What that makes the presentation of the strategic plan necessary is derived from political management duties of geographical space at the regional level to achieving the regional aims. The general aim of this research was to presentation the strategic plan for the political management of the geographical space of Eslamshahr Township. The minor aims of the research include identifying the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Eslamshahr Township as well as designing the most appropriate strategies for managing Eslamshahr Township. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted through data collection by library studies, interview with experts, personal observation and completion of the questionnaire by experts in 2017. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique was used for weighting the internal and external factors. Also, the SWOT analysis method was used for strategies planning. Quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) was used for evaluating the strategies. Findings: The sum of matrix scores of the external factors was 1.9 which sowed the threat position of the township. The sum of matrix scores of the internal factors was 2.44 which showed the township is in the weakness position. Conclusion: Political management of geographical space in Eslamshahr Township should adopt defensive strategies.  533 General Geography Effect of Environmental and Geographical Factors on Distribution of the Chalcolithic Sites in the Hourand Region, Iran bakhtiari sahar shirazi Rouhollah omrani Behrouz bakhtiari Sepideh salmanpoor Reza abtahi frooshani seyedeh zahra Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Department of Prehistory, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Research Institute for Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Tehran, Iran Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Art & Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature & Human Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature & Human Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 233 243 26 06 2018 20 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: Ancient sites of chalcolithic age in the Hourand region located at the eastern part of Azerbaijan, Iran covers the historical period from the late 6th millennium to the 4th millennium BC. This study aimed to investigate the effect of environmental and geographical factors on the distribution of the chalcolithic sites in the Hourand region located at the eastern part of Azerbaijan, Iran. Methodology: The proposed models for investigating the site selection and distribution of the ancient sites in the Hourand region was based on the ArcGIS software, multivariable statistics method, and digital spatial data. By use of this model, the environmental and cultural factors that had a greater role in shaping the patterns of spatial data distribution and archaeological sites were analyzed. Findings: The placement position of chalcolithic sites in terms of distance to water resources and communication paths and degree of the slope were classified into 5, 6 and 6 categories, respectively. Conclusion: The placement position of ancient sites of the Hourand region in chalcolithic age is a function of natural components includes water resources, communication paths and elevation from the sea level and the other factors have had little influence on the site selection.  683 Geomorphology Geomorphological Challenges of Systematic Attitude Jafari Gholam Hassan Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 245 255 09 01 2019 11 05 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: Understanding the geomorphological issues depend on the type of researcher's perspective. The habit of today is that what is seen can be taken as a whole and treated as a system. However, what is considered as a whole and a system is only a part of a complex system and it has played a role in landform evolution and even if it considered as a hole, it lacks of environmental body. This study aimed to investigate the geomorphological challenges of systematic attitude. Methodology: The methodology of this research was based on the analysis and explanation. With this approach, first, through the knowledge of available research on geomorphological systems and the strengths and weaknesses of the results of a systematic approach in geomorphology studies, the available resources in relation to science and philosophy of science were investigated and they were analyzed from the modernity to postmodernity era. Discussions on space analysis, especially in geography, were reviewed. Finally, the combination of findings from the above sources was analyzed and explained considering the geomorphological studies in Iran over the last few decades. Findings: The necessary condition to be beneficial of scientific research for human society is revealing a small part of the real world unknowns. It is true that human knowledge is always incomplete and imperfect and remains incomplete and as the point of human life has been revealed, the background to the emergence of many unknowns has been provided; but in the light of the same incomplete sciences, human has succeeded in inventing and constructing a lot of things that have made life more accessible. Usually, phenomena occur in geomorphic domains and they are appearing in geomorphologic basins. Conclusion: The best way to understand the general geomorphic events is to select the number of separate geomorphologic landscapes that operate on a certain part of the planet and put them together in order to examine the effectiveness of their obvious and hidden layers in the development of landforms in a comprehensive and precise manner. 622 Political geography Recognizing the Functions of Hegelian Government in Organizing the Political Economy of Geographical Space Lashgari Tafreshi Ehsan Department of Ggeography, Human & Social Sciences Campus, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 257 268 07 10 2018 20 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: The studies of space political economy in the framework of positivism methodology is often influenced by profit motivation, and analysis of spatial changes is as a result of economic policies independent from government ideology. Marxist geographers have also argued that political sovereignty lacked any structural independence against class relations and the material processes of society shape the political destiny of geographical space. in the studies of political economy in the framework of Hegelian perspective, the role of government actors and agencies is investigated as the forces beyond the elements of civil society in the distribution of public goods and services and policymaking in order to capital accumulation and its subsequent spatial reconstruction at the territorial level. The aim of this study was to investigate and explanation of the most important effective structural symbols and functional processes, constructed by the government in the framework of the Hegelian perspective on national and territorial scales. Methodology: This descriptive-analytical study with the trans-positivism approach, is seeking to analyze the spatial dialectics in the framework of the function of political sovereignty in the distribution of public goods and national resource allocation at the national scale. Findings: from the Hegelian perspective, the political economy of space is the result of controlling competition between the guilds and the social classes for access to public goods by the government. In other words, the process of scarce resource allocation based on the ideology of sovereignty government and determination of facility location and its subsequent spatial developments were investigated. Meanwhile, deployment of new forces in decision making in the territorial scale will create the various patterns of the political economy of space and it is not necessarily the result of a social class function or pursuit the interests of the bourgeois class. Accordingly, when the government's function in organizing the space economy in one area is discussed, there is not necessary to merely use of quantitative methods to predict and measuring the political economy of space. Conclusion: The government-oriented political economy is seeking to describe the ranking and classification of social groups in access to scarce economic resources through planning processes, spatial planning, and analysis of its effects. 661 Urban Planning Evaluative Image Model in Perception of the Environment;Case Study of Bushehr City, Iran moradi gholamreza alalhesabi mehran Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 269 280 26 11 2018 30 04 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: In today's competitive world, cities are increasingly concerned about their identity, image, and value and in this regard, creating a favorable environment to attracting different social classes is one of the objectives of city managers and planners. This can only be achieved when what the city presents (identity), what is perceived (image) and its evaluation by users (the evaluative image), what makes a pleasant or unpleasant feeling from a place (meaning) and what that presents the comprehensive image to be discovered and interpreted and be the fundamental basis for practice of urban planners and managers. The present study aimed to explain the image model especially the evaluative mental image of Bushehr city, theoretically. Methodology: This qualitative study was conducted exploratory through a combined method of library studies (theoretical) and field and survey studies (interviews) based on a semi-structured questionnaire with open-ended questions. Considering the needs for data saturation, 90 residents of Bushehr city were interviewed in several stages. Findings: The beach line, historical district, Rishahr park and Tv park had the positive evaluation and the informal settlements, Taleqani, Sangi and Ashoori streets had the negative evaluation from the views of people. Conclusion: The mental image is composed of two primary and secondary components or two complementary components, which by their perceiving, people achieve the evaluative judgment of the environment and it shapes their comprehensive or holistic mental image. 694 Geomorphology Role of Quaternary Tectonic and Climatic Factors on the Geomorphological Changes of Meshkin Shahr Depression Alluvial Fans Nouhi mohammad madadi aghil Aedini Mosa Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 281 292 30 01 2019 12 05 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: Based on field and literature studies, one of the most important features of Sabalan Quaternary landscape, are climate changes and tectonic activities. So tectonic activities and climate changes, along with other internal and external factors simultaneously had an undeniable role in the formation and evolution of Quaternary fans of Meshkin Shahr depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of tectonic and climatic factors of quaternary period in geomorphological evolution of Meshkin Shahr fans. Methodology: To achieve this goal, first of all, using contour line, stream network and elevation points, the digital elevation model of region, was prepared as a base map. Then the data needed to calculate geomorphic indices and various profiles were extracted. Geological logs are used to investigate sedimentary evidence. In addition, Arc hydro and Google earth have been used to outline catchments and fans area. In addition, to draw geological logs, Rock works 16 software was used. Most importantly, we have used extensively field observations. Findings: The two major phenomena of volcanic-tectonic and climate changes in the Quaternary period have played a decisive role in the formation and development of the Quaternary fans of Meshkin Shahr depression. Simultaneously, the Sabalan volcanic activity with glacial dominate or tundra storm during the late Pleistocene led to the formation of a mudflow periodically and sedimentation in fans and basins. In contrast, climate change from glacial period to interglacial during the Holocene and tectonic relaxation has caused the incision of basins and fans. Conclusion: Sabalan's landscape as the main controller of Meshkin Shahr Depression Fans is at a transitional stage, which means that it has undergone a tectonic stage to a non-tectonic stage, and also, it has undergone a glacial to an interglacial period such as the present conditions. 494 Urban Planning Space-Time Analysis of Quarrels in Ardabil City, Iran pashazadeh asghar Yazdani Mohammad Hasan Mohammadi Alireza Department of Urban & Rural Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Department of Urban & Rural Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Department of Urban & Rural Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran 1 4 2019 34 2 293 302 23 05 2018 13 05 2019 Aims & Backgrounds: Involvement is one of the most experienced human crimes, which endangers the financial, and life security of individuals and society and its study is most important to increase the security of individuals and society. Investigation of quarrel occurrence shows that this crime occurs at specific times and places. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to the identification of the most common times and places of quarrel occurrence in Ardabil city. Methodology: The descriptive-analytical study was carried out on imprisoned criminals because of the quarrel/conflict in the first half of 2017 who served their sentences in Ardabil city. The subjects (N=111) completed the questionnaire. Data analysis were conducted using Chi-square and Cramer tests through SPSS 19 software, and using spatial statistics (Average nearest neighbor, standard deviation distribution curve model, central limit theorem and Kernel density estimation model) through ArcGIS software. Findings: Most of the quarrels were conducted during the spring season, especially in May and Jun, early, and late of each week and midday of each day. More involvements occur in the peripheral and worn out tissues of the city, where the population density is high, and according to the output of the kernel density map, the dispersion of the conflicts follow a cluster pattern. According to the output of the kernel density map, dispersion of conflicts and quarrels followed the cluster pattern.  There was a significant relationship between the place of residence and the location of the quarrel. The most frequent location of the quarrel was the central and northwestern parts of the Ardabil city. Conclusion: Time and place are the effective factors in the occurrence of quarrel and they have different effects considering the spatiotemporal conditions.