Persian
Language
Geographical Research is Published in Persian Fulltext.
Volume 39, Issue 3 (2024)
GeoRes 2024, 39(3): 355-367 |
Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Subject:
History
Received: 2024/06/20 | Accepted: 2024/09/8 | Published: 2024/09/29
Received: 2024/06/20 | Accepted: 2024/09/8 | Published: 2024/09/29
How to cite this article
Pouya J, Shokouhi M, Khakpoor B. Providing a Suitable Model for Empowering Informal Settlements in Herat, Afghanistan. GeoRes 2024; 39 (3) :355-367
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-1624-en.html
URL: http://georesearch.ir/article-1-1624-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rights and permissions
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
1- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract (1165 Views)
Aims: Informal settlements pose a major challenge for transitional cities, as their lack of infrastructure and urban services creates adverse living conditions for residents. This study aimed to identify an effective model for empowering informal settlements in Herat.
Methodology: Conducted as a qualitative study in Herat, Afghanistan, in 2024, this research employed in-depth, semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection method. MAXQDA software was used for qualitative content analysis. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with experts, managers, and personnel from governmental and international organizations engaged in urban management. Open, axial, and selective coding techniques were applied for data analysis.
Findings: Analysis of the data resulted in 198 open codes and 69 conceptual codes, organized into 11 subcategories and two main categories. The first category, the "policy-making domain," encompassed five subcategories: legislation, residence formalization, integrated planning, coordination and mobilization of community organizations, and mechanisms for institutional coordination. The second category, the "executive domain," included six subcategories: institutional and managerial aspects, socio-cultural and legal factors, physical development, provision of essential services, resident empowerment, and local economic strengthening.
Conclusion: Empowering informal settlements in Herat requires a dual-domain model, integrating both policy-making and executive domains, each with multiple dimensions addressing the various needs within these areas.
Methodology: Conducted as a qualitative study in Herat, Afghanistan, in 2024, this research employed in-depth, semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection method. MAXQDA software was used for qualitative content analysis. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with experts, managers, and personnel from governmental and international organizations engaged in urban management. Open, axial, and selective coding techniques were applied for data analysis.
Findings: Analysis of the data resulted in 198 open codes and 69 conceptual codes, organized into 11 subcategories and two main categories. The first category, the "policy-making domain," encompassed five subcategories: legislation, residence formalization, integrated planning, coordination and mobilization of community organizations, and mechanisms for institutional coordination. The second category, the "executive domain," included six subcategories: institutional and managerial aspects, socio-cultural and legal factors, physical development, provision of essential services, resident empowerment, and local economic strengthening.
Conclusion: Empowering informal settlements in Herat requires a dual-domain model, integrating both policy-making and executive domains, each with multiple dimensions addressing the various needs within these areas.
Keywords:
References
1. Adel Mehraban M (2015). A review of qualitative content analysis and its application in research. Isfahan: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Publications. [Persian] [Link]
2. Asadi Mahalchali M (2014). Explaining the principles and methods of empowering people in local communities in order to promote good urban governance. Proceedings of the Culture-Based Urban Planning National Conference. Isfahan: Sheikh Bahaei University. [Persian] [Link]
3. Beidi Gharaghyeh R, Arbabi A (2022). Empowering informal settlements by emphasizing the social capital approach (case study: The city of Islamshahr). Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies Quarterly. 3(3):1-23. [Persian] [Link]
4. Cowan R (2005). The dictionary of urbanism. Chicago: Streetwise Press. [Link]
5. Daviran E, Kazemian G, Meshkini A, Eftekhari A, Kalhornia B (2013). Urban integrated management in arranging of informal settlement in Iran moderate cities. Urban Management. 10(30):53-68. [Link]
6. Ganjloo A, Saeedi Mofrad S (2019). Role of non-governmental organizations and local communities on the social empowering of informal settlements. Geographical Research. 34(4):483-491. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.29252/geores.34.4.483]
7. Gharkhlo M, Mire M (2007). Social empowerment, a way for marginalization (Sheikh Abad Qom). Social Sciences. 2(3):111-126. [Persian] [Link]
8. Golafshani N (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report. 8(4):597-606. [Link]
9. Hashempour R, Seyfaei M, Salehi N (2022). Social empowerment in informal urban settlements based on assets. Engineering & Construction Management. 7(1):66-74. [Persian] [Link]
10. Iran doust K (2011). Review the short experience of empowering the informal settlements, Kermanshah city as a case study. Geography and Development. 8(20):59-78. [persian] [Link]
11. Jalili Sadrabadi S, Kaviani Y, Eskandari Dorbati Z (2023). Review of policies and regulations for the organization of informal settlements in Iran and the presentation of a legislative draft for the revision of empowerment and organization plans for informal settlements. Tehran: Islamic Consultative Assembly Research Center. [Persian] [Link]
12. Kigochie PW (2001). Squatter rehabilitation projects that support home-based enterprises create jobs and housing: The case of Mathare 4A, Nairobi. Cities. 18(4):223-233. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/S0264-2751(01)00015-4]
13. Lallana A (2012). Challenges of IDP protection. Herat: Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), Samuel Hall Consulting, The Joint IDP Profiling Service. [Link]
14. Lincoln YS, Guba EG (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. London: SAGE publications. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/0147-1767(85)90062-8]
15. Loda M, Preite M, Tartaglia M (2013). Herat strategic masterplan a vision for the future. 1st edition. Florence: FLORE. [Link]
16. Ministers (2024). Legal affairs of the presidency. Tehran: Laws and Regulations Portal of Iran. [Persian] [Link]
17. Mohammadi Doost S, Moradi Rizi M, Khani Zadeh A (2018). Urban management in urban poor settlements assess the role of empowerment with emphasis on the wishes of the residents (case study: Isfahan Zainabiyya neighborhood). Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal. 8(29):147-166. [Persian] [Link]
18. Morgan J (2016). Participation, empowerment and capacity building: Exploring young people's perspectives on the services provided to them by a grassroots NGO in sub-Saharan Africa. Children and Youth Services Review. 65:175-182. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.04.012]
19. Moshiri F, Sarafi M, Dehban M (2013). The position of social capital in empowering and organizing communities living in informal settlements. Proceedings of the International Conference on Geography, Urban Planning and Sustainable Development. Tehran: University of Tehran. [Persian] [Link]
20. Moshkini A, Sadeqi Y, Akbari M (2013). Residence security, the organization key to informal settlements case study: Tehran metropolis district (Eslamshahr, Nasim Shahr, and Gulistan) and Karaj in Alborz Province. Geography and Environmental Planning. 50(2). [Persian] [Link]
21. Najafi Kani AA, Hamidi Kh (2021). Challenges and strategies of spatial development of informal settlements in intermediat cities: A case study in Babol. Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal. 11(39):217-238. [Persian] [Link]
22. Narayan D (2002). Empowerment and poverty reduction: A sourcebook. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications. [Link] [DOI:10.1596/0-8213-5166-4]
23. Nguyen T, Le C, Tran TB, Bryant S (2015). Citizen participation in city governance: Experiences from Vietnam. Public Administration and Development. 35(1). [Link] [DOI:10.1002/pad.1702]
24. NIBP (2011). Capacity development plan (2011-2014). Kabul: National Institution Building Project. [Link]
25. OCHA (2022). Afghanistan: Informal settlement assessment-Trends analysis between rounds 1 and 2 (December 2020). New York: ReliefWeb. [Link]
26. Pietro G, Elliott DS, Gabriella YC (2006). A home in the city: UN millennium project report on improving the lives of slum dwellers. Global Urban Development Magazine. 2(1). [Link]
27. Pourmohammdi MR, Oskouee A (2024). A meta-combination of studies on the empowerment of informal settlements in Iran. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference and 3rd International Conference on Urban Planning and Urban Management. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. [Persian] [Link]
28. Pourrajabi M, Majdi AA (2023). The role of government economic support in empowering informal residential areas. Social Development and Welfare Planning. 14(55):263-300. [Persian] [Link]
29. Shamai A, Pourahmad A (2005). Urban improvement and renovation from the point of view of geography. 1st edition. Tehran: University of Tehran Printing and Publishing Institute. [Persian] [Link]
30. Sharifnia Z, Nura MR, Sanadgol M (2011). Improvement and organization of informal habitation with emphasis on economic, social, anatomical and environmental indicators Case study: In Azadshahr (Gholam Tape Bazi District). Geographical Journal of Territory. 8(30):121-134. [Persian] [Link]
31. Shieh E, Habibi K, Kamali Nasab H (2011). The process of formation and expansion of informal settlements Case study: Sohrabiye district of Karaj. Housing and Rural Environment. 30(133):39-48. [Persian] [Link]
32. Tawakoli Nia J, Salehi M, Saiedi Fard F (2013). Empowerment of informal settlements based on the development of local communities. Proceedings of the First National Conference on Urban Development Over Time. Qazvin: Imam Khomeini International University. [Persian] [Link]
33. UN-Habitat (2015). State of Afghan cities report. Nairobi: United Nations Human Settlements Programme. [Link]
34. UN-Habitat (2016). Inter-agency durable solutions initiative: Profile and response plan of protracted IDP settlements in Herat. Nairobi: United Nations Human Settlements Programme. [Link]
35. UNHCR (2024). Spatial profiling of Herat and Kandahar 2023. Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. [Link]
36. University of Florence (2013). Herat strategic masterplan: A vision for the future. Florence: Polistampa. [Link]
37. Zhou X, Wang YC (2011). Spatial-temporal dynamics of urban green space in response to rapid urbanization and greening policies. Landscape and Urban Planning. 100(3):268-277. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.12.013]