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Volume 35, Issue 2 (2020)
GeoRes 2020, 35(2): 105-115 |
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Received: 2020/04/27 | Accepted: 2020/05/23 | Published: 2020/05/23
Received: 2020/04/27 | Accepted: 2020/05/23 | Published: 2020/05/23
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pakrah M, Poorhashemi S A, Parvin M R. Comparative Study of Sustainable Development of Nomadic Areas from Legal Rules and Development Programs Perspective before and after the Islamic Revolution in Iran. GeoRes 2020; 35 (2) :105-115
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1- Department of Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Business Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, Department of Business Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, Department of Business Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract (3077 Views)
Aims & Backgrounds: The aim of this study was to compare the sustainable development of nomadic areas of the country from the perspective of legal rules in the period before and after the Islamic Revolution of Iran.
Methodology: This research is descriptive and analytical in the form of an in-depth study. In the first part, basic information about nomadic status (population, distribution and percentage) was collected before and after the revolution. Then; relevant rules and regulations that were enacted in each period were extracted and compared. Also; a comparative comparison was made between the indicators of sustainable nomadic development in the two studied periods. Therefore, the World Bank's approach and guidelines were used to measure sustainable development indicators.
Findings: Sustainable development of nomadic areas during the pre-revolutionary period has varied. While in the post-revolutionary period, there is less turmoil in planning and formulating laws. On the other hand, some indicators of sustainable development have been more favorable. For example: Capital financing by the local community, income level, natural ecosystem health and natural resource utilization. While in the post-revolutionary period, indicators such as the existence of legal rules, participation in the implementation of development programs, the presentation of plans and programs to the government, the level of health, literacy and effective role in the national economy are better.
Conclusion: The results show that despite progressive laws such as Article 50 of the Constitution, the current legal rules are incapable of balancing the indicators of human, environmental and economic development in nomadic areas.
Methodology: This research is descriptive and analytical in the form of an in-depth study. In the first part, basic information about nomadic status (population, distribution and percentage) was collected before and after the revolution. Then; relevant rules and regulations that were enacted in each period were extracted and compared. Also; a comparative comparison was made between the indicators of sustainable nomadic development in the two studied periods. Therefore, the World Bank's approach and guidelines were used to measure sustainable development indicators.
Findings: Sustainable development of nomadic areas during the pre-revolutionary period has varied. While in the post-revolutionary period, there is less turmoil in planning and formulating laws. On the other hand, some indicators of sustainable development have been more favorable. For example: Capital financing by the local community, income level, natural ecosystem health and natural resource utilization. While in the post-revolutionary period, indicators such as the existence of legal rules, participation in the implementation of development programs, the presentation of plans and programs to the government, the level of health, literacy and effective role in the national economy are better.
Conclusion: The results show that despite progressive laws such as Article 50 of the Constitution, the current legal rules are incapable of balancing the indicators of human, environmental and economic development in nomadic areas.
English Expanded Abstract [HTML 14 KB] (18 Download)
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