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History
Received: 2026/04/30 | Accepted: 2026/05/14
Received: 2026/04/30 | Accepted: 2026/05/14
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Abstract (95 Views)
The main objective of this research was to conduct an anthropological analysis of the cultural manifestations of Zandieh architecture, emphasizing its multilayered functions and hidden meanings in the tourism development of Shiraz. The study focused on the fact that, despite extensive historical research, the socio-cultural dimensions and the lived experience of the people regarding these structures have received less attention from an anthropological perspective.
The research employed a qualitative method, specifically an interpretive case study with a predominantly ethnographic approach, which facilitated a deeper understanding of the lived space and the multilayered functions of Zandiye-period architecture in Shiraz. Data were collected through participatory observation in Zandiye monuments, (including Karim Khan Citadel, Vakil Mosque, Vakil Bathhouse, and Vakil Bazaar), which, beyond being physical structures, are considered vital spaces for cultural identity production and social cohesion. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 local experts, alongside a review of historical documents. The data were analyzed using the three-stage coding method of grounded theory, grounded in the phenomenology of architecture to understand the "spirit of place" and Henri Lefebvre's theory of the production of space to examine the socio-political dimensions of space.
The findings revealed that these structures served diverse functions, including hygienic, social, political, and symbolic roles. For instance, the Vakil Bathhouse functioned as a safe space for negotiations and temporary social equalization, while the lotus motifs in the Vakil Mosque signified the continuity of pre-Islamic identity. However, the transformation of these spaces into purely visual museums and the exclusive focus on physical restorations have weakened the lived experience and belonging to these spaces.
The conclusion is that Zandieh architecture was a powerful tool for preserving cultural identity, and its revival in the present era requires an experience-oriented and phenomenological approach and playing a pivotal role in ensuring and developing cultural tourism.
The research employed a qualitative method, specifically an interpretive case study with a predominantly ethnographic approach, which facilitated a deeper understanding of the lived space and the multilayered functions of Zandiye-period architecture in Shiraz. Data were collected through participatory observation in Zandiye monuments, (including Karim Khan Citadel, Vakil Mosque, Vakil Bathhouse, and Vakil Bazaar), which, beyond being physical structures, are considered vital spaces for cultural identity production and social cohesion. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 local experts, alongside a review of historical documents. The data were analyzed using the three-stage coding method of grounded theory, grounded in the phenomenology of architecture to understand the "spirit of place" and Henri Lefebvre's theory of the production of space to examine the socio-political dimensions of space.
The findings revealed that these structures served diverse functions, including hygienic, social, political, and symbolic roles. For instance, the Vakil Bathhouse functioned as a safe space for negotiations and temporary social equalization, while the lotus motifs in the Vakil Mosque signified the continuity of pre-Islamic identity. However, the transformation of these spaces into purely visual museums and the exclusive focus on physical restorations have weakened the lived experience and belonging to these spaces.
The conclusion is that Zandieh architecture was a powerful tool for preserving cultural identity, and its revival in the present era requires an experience-oriented and phenomenological approach and playing a pivotal role in ensuring and developing cultural tourism.
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